Taxation of AGAs: employer contribution (30%), acquisition gain, capital gain on disposal, applicable income tax and social security tax rates, and...
Stock options: definition, eligible companies (SA, SAS), authorized beneficiaries, exercise price, taxation, and differences from BSPCE.
BSA (stock warrants): how they work, eligible recipients (employees, directors, contractors), taxation and key use cases.
BSPCE: definition, eligible companies (JEI, under 15 years old), beneficiaries, vesting and taxation. Complete guide 2026.
BSPCE plan in 4 steps: shareholders' meeting, drafting the plan rules, signing warrants and updating the register. Full checklist.
BSPCE tax: acquisition gain vs capital gain, income tax rate (12.8% or scale), social contributions and tax filing requirements.
Employee leaving with BSPCE: good/bad leaver clauses, exercise window and procedures to follow when an employee exits.
Electronic signatures: legal framework (eIDAS, Civil Code), levels (simple, advanced, qualified), legal value and exceptions.
Digital legal registers: legal validity, eIDAS requirements, timestamping, document retention and integrity guarantees. Compliance guide.
Fundraising in 6 steps: preparation, pitch, term sheet, due diligence, data room and closing. Practical guide for founders.
Post-closing fundraising: key priorities (business plan, investor reporting, hiring, cash management) and legal obligations.
Cap table: definition, mandatory columns (securities, rights, valuation), common mistakes and best practices for keeping it up to date.
Share transfer register: mandatory content, format (paper or digital), who is responsible and how to digitize it compliantly.
Free shares (AGA): eligible beneficiaries, allocation conditions, minimum vesting period and 2025 Finance Act updates.
Free shares (AGA) in 4 steps: shareholders' meeting, identifying beneficiaries, legal documentation and grants. Legal requirements and tax...
Stock option grant in 4 steps: shareholders' meeting, beneficiaries list, plan rules and award letters. Mandatory documents explained.
BSPCE vs AGA, stock options and BSA: comparison by company profile, tax treatment, eligible beneficiaries and objectives.
BSPCE vesting: standard duration (4 years), cliff (1 year), acceleration clauses, good/bad leaver provisions and market benchmarks 2026.
Received BSPCE? Understand how they work: vesting schedule, exercise conditions, tax treatment at exit and liquidity scenarios.
BSPCE in Fundraising: How to size your option pool, present dilution to investors, and legally secure your equity incentive plan.
How to exercise BSPCE: triggering conditions, exercise price, formalities, tax impact and optimal timing (exit, liquidity event, IPO).
Sick leave, maternity or sabbatical: how employment suspension affects the vesting calendar of your BSPCE, AGA and stock options.
Startup secondary market: when and how to organize a liquidity window for your employees without undermining your equity story.
How to design an equity program: choosing the mechanism (BSPCE, AGA, BSA), pool size, vesting, communication to beneficiaries and compliance.
BSA pour freelances et salariés à l'étranger : conditions d'éligibilité, vesting, fiscalité (flat tax 30 %) et points de vigilance 2026.
BSA and management package: risks of reclassification, tax and social security implications, PEA, and alternatives. Key points for structuring your...
LBO sale and purchase agreement: asset and liability warranties, conditions precedent, earn-out, price adjustment and negotiation tactics.
Selecting an LBO fund: selection criteria, fund expectations, pitch and positioning. How to target and attract the right investment partners.
LBO financing: senior debt, unitranche, mezzanine and equity. How to choose the right capital structure based on your LBO profile.
LBO: deal structure (HoldCo/OpCo), senior debt, key players, leverage effect, risks and main structuring steps.
Due diligence data room: document list (legal, financial, HR), organization, tools and mistakes that block a closing.
LBO shareholders' agreement: key clauses (governance, liquidity, anti-dilution, exit), sensitive negotiation points and mistakes to avoid.
Incentive plan trends in France: regulatory changes, BSPCE/AGA practices, accounting challenges (IFRS 2) and liquidity management.
Agenda, minutes and tools: a step-by-step guide to structuring your first 3 board meetings in a startup environment.
5 classic board mistakes: role confusion, passivity, frozen composition, lack of follow-up and governance evidence. How to fix them.
How to build a board that decides fast and well: clear mandate, optimal size, independent directors and governance safeguards.
Composing your first board: number of directors, profiles to recruit (operational, independent), compensation and initial responsibilities.
Digital AGM: legal framework, e-voting tools, validity conditions, digital signing of minutes and compliant archiving. Practical guide.